Waina: He mea inu hoihoi me ka mōʻaukala e hoʻi ana i nā tausani makahiki
ʻO ka waina kahi mea inu i hele pū me nā kānaka no nā kaukani makahiki. Me nā ʻano ʻala like ʻole, nā waihoʻoluʻu a me nā mea ʻono, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waina ma mua o ka mea inu ʻona; he hōʻailona ia o ka moʻomeheu, ka mōʻaukala a me ka leʻaleʻa. Ma kēia ʻatikala, nānā mākou i ka honua o ka waina, pehea i hana ʻia ai, nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, kona hopena i ke kaiāulu, a me kekahi mau mea hoihoi e pili ana i kēia mea inu hanohano.
Ka Moolelo o ka Waina
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka waina ke hele lōʻihi loa i ka wā kahiko. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻāpana mua o ka viticulture a me ka hana waina ma nā wahi o Mesopotamia, ʻAigupita a me Helene. Ua hoʻomana nā lāhui kahiko i ka waina ma ke ʻano he makana mai nā akua a inu lākou i nā hana hoʻomana, nā ʻahaʻaina a me nā ʻahaʻaina. Me ka laha ʻana o ke aupuni Roma, ua laha ka hua waina i nā wahi nui o ʻEulopa, a lilo ia i mea nui o ka moʻomeheu ʻEulopa.
Ka waina a me ka hana waina
Hoʻoulu ʻia ka waina ma nā māla waina kūikawā kahi i mahi ʻia ai nā kumu waina. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka waina e hilinaʻi nui i nā kūlana climatic, ka lepo a me nā ʻano hua waina. I loko o nā māla waina, hana nā mea kanu waina i ka makahiki a puni i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu waina, ka ʻohi ʻana i nā hua waina a me ka ʻohi ʻana i nā hua waina.
Ke hele nei ka hana waina ma nā ʻano he nui:
- ʻOhi: He mea koʻikoʻi ka manawa hōʻiliʻili no ka maikaʻi o ka waina. ʻOhi ʻia nā hua waina e ka lima a i ʻole ka mīkini a lawe ʻia i ka hale waina.
- Ka Hana ʻana i nā hua waina: Hoʻopau ʻia nā hua waina a kaomi ʻia e hoʻokuʻu i ka wai.
- Fermentation: ʻO ka Fermentation ka mea nui loa i ka hana waina. Ma ʻaneʻi, hoʻololi nā mea hū i nā kō i loko o ka wai waina i waiʻona a me carbon dioxide. ʻO ke ʻano a me ka lōʻihi o ka fermentation e pili ana i ka ʻono o ka waina.
- Ka makahiki: Ua ʻelemakule ka waina i loko o nā barela a i ʻole nā pahu e hoʻomohala a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kona ʻala. Hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa maturation mai kekahi mau mahina a i kekahi mau makahiki, e pili ana i ka hopena i makemake ʻia.
- ʻO ka Bottleling a me ka waiho ʻana: Ma hope o ka oʻo ʻana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka waina a mālama ʻia e ʻae i ka hoʻomohala hou a me ka hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi.
ʻO nā ʻano waina like ʻole
Nui nā ʻano waina, ʻokoʻa ke kala, ka ʻono a me ke ʻano:
- Waina ʻulaʻula: Hana ʻia mai nā hua waina ʻeleʻele me nā manawa fermentation lōʻihi. ʻOkoʻa nā waina ʻulaʻula mai ka māmā a me ka hua i ka tannic a me ka paʻakikī.
- Waina Keʻokeʻo: Hana ʻia mai nā hua waina ʻoi aku ka māmā a hoʻohu ʻia me ka ʻole o ka ʻili. Hiki i nā waina keʻokeʻo ke ʻano mai ka maloʻo a me ke koʻikoʻi i ka ʻono a me ka hua.
- ʻO ka waina ʻo Rosé: He waina ʻulaʻula i hana ʻia mai nā hua waina ʻulaʻula kahi e pili pōkole ai nā ʻili me ka wai.
- ʻO ka waina ʻālohilohi: Aia kēia me ka champagne, ka waina ʻālohilohi, a me ka prosecco, kahi e paʻa ai ke kalapona dioxide i loko o ka ʻōmole a i ʻole ka pahu e hana ai i ka fizz pūlima.
- ʻO ka waina ʻono: ʻO nā waina ʻono loa i lawelawe pinepine ʻia me nā mea ʻono.
- ʻO ka hui a me ka moʻomeheu o ka waina: ʻAʻole he wahi paʻa wale ka waina i ka gastronomy, akā i loko o ke kaiāulu a me ka moʻomeheu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻolauleʻa a me nā hanana pilikanaka, he hōʻailona ia o ka leʻaleʻa, hoʻomaha a me ka conviviality.
Ma kekahi mau wahi, e like me Palani, Italia a me Sepania, ua paʻa loa ka ulu waina a me ka hana waina i ka moʻomeheu kūloko. ʻO nā māla waina a me nā māla waina ʻaʻole nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi wale nō, akā ʻo nā mea waiwai nui no nā wahi.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka waina
- Ma waho aʻe o ka waiʻona, loaʻa pū ka waina i nā antioxidants like ʻole i manaʻo ʻia he pono i ke olakino ke ʻai ʻia me ka haʻahaʻa.
- Ua ʻike ʻia ka hue waina kahiko loa ma ka hale kupapaʻu Roma a mai ka kenekulia 4 AD.
- Hiki ke kahiko loa nā kumu waina. Aia kekahi mau kumu waina i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau makahiki a ke hua mau nei i nā hua waina.
- ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "waina" pili i ke ʻano o ka hua waina, aʻo ka "waina" e wehewehe i ka ʻano kikoʻī i loko o ia ʻano.
Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka waina he mea inu ʻoluʻolu me ka mōʻaukala waiwai a me nā ʻokoʻa e lilo ai ia i kumu pau ʻole o ka ʻike. Inā he connoisseur paha ʻoe a he mea hou paha, hāʻawi ka honua o ka waina i kahi mea kūikawā no kēlā me kēia. E hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻoliʻoli ʻana i ka waina a e ʻimi pono i ka ʻokoʻa o nā ʻono.
ʻO Santé!